au̯eg-, u̯ōg-, aug-, ug-

    au̯eg-, u̯ōg-, aug-, ug-

    English meaning: to magnify, increase

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “vermehren, zunehmen”

    Note: with s-forms au̯ek-s-, auk-s-, u̯ek-s-, uk-s-

    Material: O.Ind. ugrá- “immense” (compounds Sup. ṓjīyas-, ṓjiṣ̌ṭha- “ the stronger one, strongest “) = Av. ugra- “ strong, hard “ (compounds Sup. aojyah-, aojišta-). Lat. augeō, -ēre “ to increase, augment, enlarge, spread, extend “, auctor (= Umbr. uhtur) “ a promoter, producer, father, progenitor, author etc”, auctiō “ an increasing; hence, from the bidding, an auction “, augmen(tum) “ an increase, growth, a kind of sacrificial cake “ (= Lith. augmuõ “ increase, growth “, O.Ind. ōjmá n- m. “ strength “), augur “ a seer, soothsayer, diviner, augur “ from *augos “ aggrandizement “ (WH. I 83); Goth. aukan (preterit aíauk), auknan “ increase “, ana-, bi-aukan “ to append, subjoin, add on “, O.H.G. ouhhōn , O.S. ōkian “ increase “, O.E. ēacian “ increase “, īecan “ increase “, O.N. auka (preterit jōk and aukađa) “ increase “, st. participle O.E. ēacen, O.S. ōkan “ increased, pregnant “; Lith. áugu, áugti (lengthened grade) “ increase, grow “, auginù, -ìnti “ allow to grow, educate, bring up “, changing through ablaut pa-ūge ́ ti “ grow up “, ũgis “ growth, annual growth “, Ltv. aûdzêt, aûdzinât “ gather “, O.Pruss. auginnons particle perf. Akt. “ drawn, pulled “, O.Ltv. aukts “ high “ = Lat. auctus “to increase, augment, enlarge, spread, extend”, Ltv. aũgt “ grow “, as also Thrac. Αὐθί-παρος “ high ford “, O.Pruss. Aucti-garbin, aucktai-rikijskan “ authority “, aucktimmien “ chief “, next to which with s of -es-stem (see below) Lith. áukštas, Ltv. aûksts “high” (: Lat. augustus “ consecrated, holy; majestic, dignified “), O.Pruss. auck-timmiskan f. (acc.) “ authority “, O.Pruss. aūgus “ costive, constipated “ (as “ increasing “), Lith. áugumas, Ltv. aûgums “ increase, growth “; es-stem O.Ind. ṓjas- n. “ vigorousness, strength “, Av. aojah-, aogah- (also r-stem aogarǝ) “ vigorousness, strength “, Lat. augustus see above (also Lith. etc áukštas); in addition with s in the verb: O.Ind. vákṣaṇa-m “ strengthening “, vakṣáyati “ allows to grow “, Av. vaxšaiti “ allows to grow “, next to which with the weakest root grade O.Ind. uḱ ṣati “ “gains strength “ (perf. vavákṣa), Av. uxšyeiti “ grows “; common O.Ind. ĝh- > kṣ- phonetic mutation Goth. wahsjan “grow” (= O.Ind. vakṣayati, IE Iter.-Kaus. *u̯okséi̯ō; with it that combined ōgradation perf. wōhs to the paradigm; see Brugmann IF. 32, 180, 189); Gk. ἀ(F)έξω “ grow, increase “, ἀέξομαι “ grows “; αὔξω, αὐξάνω “ grow, increase “, Lat. auxilium “ help, aid, assistance, support, succor “ (originally pl. -iа “ strengthening, reinforcements “, N. pl. auxilis “ auxiliary troops, or in gen., military power “); O.N. vaxa, vexa “grow”, O.H.G. wahsan, Ger. wachsen, wuchs, wherefore e.g. Goth. wahstus “ accretion, growth, body size “, O.H.G. wa(h)smo “ growth “ under likewise; Toch. A oksiš “ grows “, A okšu, В aukšu “ old “; after Van Windekens Lexique 79 also here AB oko “ fruit “, A okar “ plant “; against it Pedersen Tochar. 227. Here with zero grade u̯ōg-: Goth. wōkrs m. “ interest “, O.E. wōcor f. “ progeny, interest “ (compare Gk. τόκος in the same meaning), O.H.G. wuohhar m. “ yield of the ground, fetus, progeny, profit, interest, usury “ (in addition steIr. wiech “ extensive, excessive, rich in leaves “ as umlaut? A little bit differently Schroeder abl. 57 f.), there in not with s expanded root form au̯eg- the grade u̯eg- is covered in O.Ir. fēr, Welsh gwair “ grass, herbage “; probably with the same ablaut O.Ind. vǘ ja-ḥ “ strength, property, wealth, the prize (won in a contest) [The Greeks gave a wreath of laurels to winners in the Pythian games], race “, originally “ quick, successful, energy “, Oldenberg ZdMG. 50, 443 ff.

    References: WP. I 22 f., WH. I 82 f., 850, Feist 67, 541, 572, Pedersen Tochar. 227.